Woolpert 20170328 Project level data Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar Data Acquisition and Processing Production Task USGS Contract No. G16PCO022 Task Order No. G16PD00331 Woolpert Order No. 76268 CONTRACTOR: Woolpert, Inc. This task is for a high resolution data set of lidar covering approximately 4,780 square miles for the area of interest (AOI) collected at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.7 meters. The lidar data was acquired and processed in compliance with U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Program Lidar Base Specification version 1.2. Lidar data is a remotely sensed high resolution elevation data collected by an airborne platform. The lidar sensor uses a combination of laser range finding, GPS positioning, and inertial measurement technologies. The lidar systems collect data point clouds used to produce highly detailed Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of the earth's terrain, man-made structures, and vegetation. This task required the lidar data to be collected at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.70 meters. The lidar data was acquired and processed under the requirements identified in this task order. Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar task order was processed and delivered in NAD83 (2011), Zone 15, NAVD88 Geoid12B, Meters. Relative accuracy also known as "between swath" accuracy was tested through a series of well distributed flight line overlap locations. The relative accuracy for the Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar measured at 0.030 Meters RMSDz. Final products include; LAS swath data, classified LAS tiles, raster DEMs of the bare-earth surface in Erdas IMG Grid Format, and 8-bit gray scale intensity images. Tiled deliverable products conform to a 1,500m x 1,500m tiling. Each LAS file contains lidar point information, which has been calibrated and controlled. Additionally, each tiled LAS file was classified per task order requirements. Additional deliverables include hydrologic breakline data, survey control and checkpoint data, and bridge abutment breaklines. In addition, reporting and metadata information includes; lidar processing and survey reports in PDF format, FGDC metadata files for each data deliverable in .xml format, and a project tile index all provided in Esri shapefile format. Initial collection of lidar data took place January and February of 2016. During this time some significant precipitation events occurred in the region and led to increased water levels in the Mississippi River and surrounding low-lying areas. Due to these high water levels it was determined that data acquisition be postponed until water levels lowered. Approximately 80% of the AOI had been acquired at this point. The remaining 20% was collected in January of 2017. Some water level differences will be observed in the point cloud and DEM data due to the differing collection dates, specifically in the low-lying areas near the Mississippi River. Woolpert has taken great care to limit the amount of temporal differences between the two collection dates. Please note that tiles 15RXQ330320 and 15RXQ405950 do not contain lidar points. The data boundary intersects these tiles and a hydro breakline was digitized based on this boundary. For this reason a hydro-flattened DEM IMG and Intensity Image was generated. There will be no LAS 1.4 for tiles 15RXQ330320 and 15RXQ405950. The DEM IMG/Intensity tiff file count is 5903. The LAS 1.4 count is 5901. Due to temporal variability, visible artifacts in the project DEM are evident within a historical floodplain along a portion of the Mississippi River. Lidar acquisition occurred when river levels were below action stage per NOAA flood gauge readings, however, some areas within the floodplain exhibited higher water levels during the January 2016 flights than what is observed in the January 2017 flights. This is specifically evident within oxbow streams and lakes found within the floodplain. Visible elevation variability in the DEM is located approximately within a bounding box of -91.36° East Longitude, 31.85° North Latitude; -91.24 West Longitude; 31.74 South Latitude. Data is used for: Soils Mapping, Wetlands delineation & management, Conservation Programs, 3-D Modeling Analysis, Engineering Design, Easements Planning, Dams, Hydrology & Hydraulics, Floodplain Analysis, Irrigation Systems, Precision Agriculture, Watershed Management, Erosion Control, Ponds, Cultural Resources, Water Resources, Ecology Determinations, and etc. USGS NGP Base Specifications v1.2 Leica ALS80(Woolpert & QSI )/Leica ALS70(QSI) infinite/4 0.70/0.70 2.3/2.3 0.70/0.70 2.3/2.3 1981/1900 150/170 40/40 50/53 272/273 5/5 2.5/1.5 1064/1064 1/1 0.20/0.5 1443/1400 25/25 NAD83 (2011), Zone 15, Meters GEOID12B 0.360 0.098 120 0.086 0.168 90 1.4 6 Geometrically unreliable points were identified using a combination of automated and manual techniques and subsequently classified as high or low noise and given the standard Withheld bit. Swath "overage" points were identified in these files using the standard LAS overlap bit. 16 1 default/unclassified 2 Bare-earth 7 Low Noise 9 Water 10 Ignored ground 17 Bridge Decks 18 High Noise 20160116 unknown 20160117 unknown 20160118 unknown 20160119 unknown 20160120 unknown 20160124 unknown 20160130 unknown 20160203 unknown 20160204 unknown 20160205 unknown 20160206 unknown 20160207 unknown 20160208 unknown 20160211 unknown 20160213 unknown 20170108 unknown 20170109 unknown 20170113 unknown 20170114 unknown 20170115 unknown 20170120 unknown ground condition Complete As needed -91.654205 -90.049536 32.597549 30.962011 None Lidar Project Level None United States Misissippi No restrictions apply to this data. None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from these data. Woolpert mailing and physical address

4454 Idea Center Blvd

Dayton OH 45430 USA (937) 461-5660 (937) 461-0743 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7600); ArcMap 10.3; ArcCatalog 10.3; TerraScan ver. 16.01; TerraModeler ver. 16.01; Geocue 2014.1.21; LP360 2015.1. All formatted data cover the entire area specified for this project and are validated using a combination of commercial lidar processing software, GIS software, and proprietary programs to ensure proper formatting and loading prior to delivery. The lidar data is visually inspected for completeness to ensure that are no void areas or missing data. Produced to meet 0.360 meters horizontal accuracy at 95 percent confidence level. 0.360 meters Lidar system specifications are available in the project report LAS data covering the Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar Task Order was compared to independent survey control points to determine the NVA of the LAS Swath and of the Bare-Earth DEM. In addition, this LAS data was compared to independent VVA points. LAS Swath Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) Tested 0.086 Meters Non vegetated vertical accuracy at a 95 percent confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, in open terrain using 0.044 Meters (RMSEz) x 1.96000 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines. Bare-Earth DEM Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) Tested 0.090 Meters Non vegetated vertical accuracy at a 95 percent confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, in open terrain using 0.046 Meters (RMSEz) x 1.96000 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines. 0.098 meters Raw Swath Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) Tested 0.098 Meters Non vegetated vertical accuracy at a 95 percent confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, in open terrain using (RMSEz) x 1.96000 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported against 120 NVA points using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines and tested against the TIN using all points. 0.090 meters Bare-Earth DEM Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) Tested 0.090 Meters Non-Vegetated vertical accuracy at a 95 percent confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, in open terrain using (RMSEz) x 1.96000 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported against 120 NVA points using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines and tested against the DEM. 0.168 meters Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (VVA) Tested 0.168 Meters at the 95th percentile reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines and tested against the DEM using 90 VVA points. VVA Errors larger than 95th percentile include: Point 3011, Easting 675825.520, Northing 3459581.594, Z-Error 0.217 Meters Point 3065, Easting 759685.655, Northing 3563636.079, Z-Error 0.253 Meters Point 3082, Easting 716803.448, Northing 3586933.044, Z-Error 0.182 Meters Point 3083, Easting 723720.652, Northing 3592543.530, Z-Error 0.174 Meters Woolpert 20170331 Dayton, OH Woolpert Inc Lidar dataset 20160120 ground condition Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar This data set is the project specified acquired point cloud data. Woolpert 20170331 Lexington, KY Quantum Geospatial Lidar dataset 20160116 ground condition Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar This data set is the project specified acquired point cloud data. Woolpert 20170331 Dayton, OH Woolpert Inc. Control dataset 201602 ground condition Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar This data set is the project specified acquired ground control and QAQC control data. Woolpert Inc 20170331 Dayton, OH Woolpert Inc Lidar dataset 20160116 ground condition Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar This data set is the project specified lidar deliverables. Woolpert 20170331 Dayton, OH Woolpert Geospatial Services 3-d breakline dataset 20160116 ground condition Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar This data set is the project specified hydrologic breakline deliverable. Woolpert 20170331 Dayton, OH Woolpert Geospatial Services vector dataset 20160116 ground condition Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar This data set is the project specified tile index and data extent. Using two Leica systems (ALS70 & ALS80) on board Woolpert and Quantum Geospatial aircrafts, high density data, at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.7 meters, were collected for this task order. Leica Specs ALS70 - AGL = 1,981 meters - Aircraft Speed = 150 Knots, Field of View (Full) = 40 degrees, Pulse Rate = 272 kHz, Scan Rate = 50.0 Hz, with an average side lap of 25%. Leica Specs ALS80 - AGL = 1,900 meters - Aircraft Speed = 170 Knots, Field of View (Full) = 40 degrees, Pulse Rate = 273 kHz, Scan Rate = 53.0 Hz, with an average side lap of 25%. Multiple returns were recorded for each laser pulse along with an intensity value for each return. Twenty-five (25) missions were flown between January 16, 2016 and Jan 15, 2017. Survey crews were onsite, operating a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Base Station for the airborne GPS support. Specific information regarding latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height to the L1 phase center is included in the lidar processing report. Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar task order was processed and delivered in NAD83 (2011), Zone 15, Meters. The geoid used to reduce satellite derived elevations to orthometric heights was GEOID12B. Once the data acquisition and GPS processing phases are complete, the lidar data was processed immediately to verify the coverage had no voids. The GPS and IMU data was post processed using differential and Kalman filter algorithms to derive a best estimate of trajectory. The quality of the solution was verified to be consistent with the accuracy requirements of the project. The SBET was used to reduce the lidar slant range measurements to a raw reflective surface for each flight line. The coverage was classified to extract a bare earth digital elevation model (DEM) and separate last returns. The calibration and system performance is verified on a periodic basis. The calibration range consists of a large building and runway. The edges of the building and control points along the runway have been located using conventional survey methods. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) misalignment angles and horizontal accuracy are calculated by comparing the position of the building edges between opposing flight lines. The scanner scale factor and vertical accuracy is calculated through comparison of lidar data against control points along the runway. Field calibration is performed on all flight lines to refine the IMU misalignment angles. IMU misalignment angles are calculated from the relative displacement of features within the overlap region of adjacent (and opposing) flight lines. The raw lidar data is reduced using the refined misalignment angles. Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar 20160116 Woolpert Geospatial Services mailing and physical address

4454 Idea Center Blvd

Dayton OH 45430 USA (937) 461-5660 unknown unknown For this particular field effort, Woolpert field crews utilized Woolpert-owned, Trimble Navigation R series multi-frequency GPS receivers. Field personnel generated RTK vectors through the use of Sierra Wireless Raven XT Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) modems and Trimble Navigation Continually Operating Reference Stations (CORS) Whenever possible, RTK observations were performed on all new LiDAR control points in order to collect data efficiently and accurately. The survey was conducted using a 1-second epoch rate, in a fixed solution RTK mode, with each observation lasting approximately 180 seconds. Each station was occupied twice to ensure the necessary horizontal and vertical accuracies were being met for this project. RTK surveys were performed where cellular data coverage was available and where baseline distance accuracy was maintained. Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar ground control and QAQC control Acquisition 201602 Woolpert Geospatial Services mailing and physical address

4454 Idea Center, Blvd

Dayton OH 45430 USA (937) 461-5660 unknown The individual flight lines were inspected to ensure the systematic and residual errors have been identified and removed. Then, the flight lines were compared to adjacent flight lines for any mismatches to obtain a homogenous coverage throughout the project area. The point cloud underwent a classification process to determine bare-earth points and non-ground points utilizing "first and only" as well as "last of many" lidar returns. This process determined Default (Class 1), Ground (Class 2), Low Noise (Class 7), Water (Class 9), Ignored Ground (Class 10), Bridge Decks (Class 17) and High Noise (Class 18). The bare-earth (Class 2 - Ground) lidar points underwent a manual QA/QC step to verify the quality of the DEM as well as a peer-based QC review. This included a review of the DEM surface to remove artifacts and ensure topographic quality. Classification of water (class 9) and ignored ground (class 10) was completed via the use of the hydrologic breaklines collected for the hydro-flattening phase. Buildings (Class 6) was achieved via the used of digitized building footprints. The overlap classes were determined by first identifying the overlapping areas and reclassifying the LAS data by offset from a corridor. This allows the returns located on the edge of the swath to be removed from the bare earth coverage in an effort to produce a more uniform data density. The returns determined to be overlap including overlap default, ground, water, and ignored ground are then applied an overlap flag and reclassified to their respective standard classification value. The surveyed ground control points are used to make vertical adjustments to the data set and to perform the accuracy checks and statistical analysis of the lidar dataset. Supervisory QC monitoring of work in progress and completed editing ensured consistency of classification character and adherence to project requirements across the entire project area. The resulting deliverables for this task order consist of classified LAS file in LAS 1.4 format, Raw Swath LAS files in LAS 1.4 format,DEM files in ERDAS IMG format, 8-bit gray scale Intensity files in GeoTIFF format, Hydrologic and Bridge abutment breakline data in ESRI geodatabase format. Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar Deliverable Processing 20160116 Woolpert, Inc. Geospatial Services mailing and physical address

4454 Idea Center Blvd.

Dayton OH 45430 USA (937) 461-5660 (937) 461-0743 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time The compilation procedure included use of lidar intensity, bare earth surface model, point cloud data, and open source imagery in an effort to manually compile hydrologic features in a 2-d environment. Following the compilation phase, a separate process was used to adjust the breakline data to best match the water level at the time of the lidar collection. Any ponds and/or lakes were adjusted to be at or just below the bank and to be at a constant elevation. Any streams were adjusted to be at or just below the bank and to be monotonic. Manual QAQC and peer-based QC review was performed on all delineated data to ensure horizontal placement quality and on all adjusted data to ensure vertical placement quality. Bridge breaklines were also compiled in efforts to generate an accurate DEM product. The final hydrologic and bridge breakline product was delivered in shapefile format and was also used in the processing of the DEM deliverable. Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar Breakline Deliverable Processing 20160116 1200 Woolpert, Inc. Geospatial Services mailing and physical address

4454 Idea Center Blvd.

Dayton OH 45430 USA (937) 461-5660 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time Tile Size: 1,500 x 1,500 meters. 1,500m x 1,500m. The tile file name was derived from the southwest corner of each tile. The tiles are named based on the US National Grid. Project data extent was provided by USGS and subsequently buffered by 100 meters and provided in shape file format. Project deliverables were clipped to the 100 meter data extent. Mississippi NRCS FY16 Lidar Tile Index and Data Extent 20160116 1200 Woolpert, Inc. Geospatial Services mailing and physical address

4454 Idea Center Blvd.

Dayton OH 45430 USA (937) 461-5660 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time Point NAD 1983 2011 UTM Zone 15N 0.9996 -93.0 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 1 1 meter D NAD 1983 2011 GRS 1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988(GEOID12B) 0.000100 meter Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates USGS/NGTOC mailing and physical address

1400 Independence Rd.

Rolla MO 65401 USA (573) 308-3587 Unknown Unknown Downloadable Data Woolpert prepared the original data as set forth in the Scope of Services, in accordance with reasonable care and due diligence as set forth in this Agreement, however, due to the easily alterable nature of electronic media, files, documents, and other deliverables, Woolpert, Inc. makes no warranties, either expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose, including, but not limited to, use of any/all data as described within this metadata file, by any user of this data. Any use will be at the end-user’s sole risk. unknown unknown 20170331 Woolpert mailing and physical address

4454 Idea Center Blvd.

Dayton OH 45430 USA (937) 461-5660 (937) 461-0743 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified